Examinations:
Harvard University:
"To examine somebody or something is to inspect it closely, hence an examination is a detailed inspection or analysis of an object or person...
A comprehensive examination is a specific type of exam taken by graduate students, which may determine their eligibility to continue their studies."
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Examination
"In education, certification, counseling, the military, and many other fields, a test or an exam (short for examination) is a tool or technique intended to measure students' expression of knowledge, skills and/or abilities. A test has more questions of greater difficulty and requires more time for completion than a quiz. It is usually divided into two or more sections, each covering a different area of the domain or taking a different approach to assessing the same aspects.
A standardized test is one that compares the performance of every individual subject with a norm or criterion. The norm may be established independently, or by statistical analysis of a large number of subjects."
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exam
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